![]() Foundational Model of Anatomy, version 4.6. This paper contributes to alignment efforts by providing examples of matches and mismatches between representations of adult human anatomy for which alignment projects have not been previously reported.įive resources describing whole-body adult human anatomy were examined:ġ. Projects to produce alignments have been conducted on clinically-oriented representations of human anatomy and phenotypes ( 4– 6) as well as between different vertebrate species (for example, ( 7)). ![]() Work to align representations of anatomy is based on lexical (string-based), structural (relation-based), and semantic matching techniques ( 2, 3). Formal representation of anatomy presents challenges because the representations need to support multiple uses, and clinical conventions often do not conform to logical modeling principles ( 1).ĭue to the variety of ontologies and terminologies used in clinical practice and research, data integration often requires that equivalent concepts within different representation schemes are identified and “mapped” to each other. Ontologies and terminologies play a crucial role in standardizing the representation of knowledge and data, facilitating interoperability of systems, and expressing domain-specific conceptual frameworks.
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